Conflicts of interest clause samples

BMO GAM Asia’s Directors and employees must make all reasonable efforts to avoid Conflicts of Interest. Activities, interests or associations should be avoided that might interfere or even appear to interfere with the independent exercise of good judgement.

All executive director and employees of BMO GAM Asia must complete a quarterly compliance return to declare any potential Conflicts of Interest. They are also required to complete an annual compliance return, including a declaration of compliance with the Code of Ethics and Compliance Manual (“Annual Compliance Return”) . Conflicts of Interest involving an executive director or employee that occurred would constitute a breach of BMO Code of Conduct and must be reported in the quarterly compliance return and/or the Annual Compliance Return.

9.9 C Outside Business Activities – Canadian Compliance Conflicts can arise when individuals registered under the Firm’s EMD license are involved in outside business activities, for example, due to the compensation they receive for these activities or because of the nature of the relationship between the individual and the outside entity. Before engaging in any outside business activity, registered individuals must disclose their intention to engage in an outside business activity to the COO. The COO must review and approve all outside business activities prior to the activities commencing. Before approving any of these activities, the COO should consider potential conflicts of interest. If the Firm cannot properly control a potential conflict of interest, it should not permit the outside activity.

The portfolio manager’s compensation plan may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. Although investors in the fund may invest through either tax-deferred accounts or taxable accounts, the portfolio manager’s compensation is linked to the pre-tax performance of the fund, rather than its after-tax performance. The portfolio manager’s base pay tends to increase with additional and more complex responsibilities that include increased assets under management and a portion of the bonus relates to marketing efforts, which together indirectly link compensation to sales. When a portfolio manager takes over a fund or an account, the time period over which performance is measured may be adjusted to provide a transition period in which to assess the portfolio. The management of multiple funds and accounts (including proprietary accounts) may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts. In addition, a fund’s trade allocation policies and procedures may give rise to conflicts of interest if the fund’s orders do not get fully executed due to being aggregated with those of other accounts managed by FMR or an affiliate. The portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by a fund. Securities selected for other funds or accounts may outperform the securities selected for the fund. Portfolio managers may be permitted to invest in the funds they manage, even if a fund is closed to new investors. Trading in personal accounts, which may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, is restricted by a fund’s Code of Ethics.

The portfolio manager’s compensation plan may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. Although investors in the fund may invest through either tax-deferred accounts or taxable accounts, a portfolio manager’s compensation is linked to the pre-tax performance of the fund, rather than its after-tax performance. The portfolio manager’s base pay and bonus opportunity tend to increase with the portfolio manager’s level of experience and skills relative to research and fund assignments. The management of multiple funds and accounts (including proprietary accounts) may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate her time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts. In addition, the fund’s trade allocation policies and procedures may give rise to conflicts of interest if the fund’s orders do not get fully executed due to being aggregated with those of other accounts managed by FMR. The portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by the fund. Securities selected for other funds or accounts may outperform the securities selected for the fund. Trading in personal accounts, which may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, is restricted by a fund’s Code of Ethics. Furthermore, the potential exists that the portfolio manager’s responsibilities as a portfolio manager of the fund may not be entirely consistent with his or her responsibilities as a research analyst providing recommendations to other Fidelity portfolio managers.

The portfolio manager’s compensation plan can give rise to potential conflicts of interest. The manager’s base pay tends to increase with additional and more complex responsibilities that include increased assets under management and a portion of the bonus relates to firm promotion efforts, which together indirectly link compensation to sales. Managing and providing research to multiple accounts (including proprietary accounts) can give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple accounts. Securities selected for accounts other than the fund may outperform the securities selected for the fund.

1. For each Fund except, Oppenheimer Global Multi-Alternatives Fund/VA, the section titled “Conflicts of Interest” under the section “About the Fund’s Investments” is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: Conflicts of Interest. The investment activities of the Manager, the Sub-Adviser and their affiliates with respect to other funds and accounts they manage may present potential conflicts of interest that could, under certain circumstances, disadvantage or adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders. The Manager, the Sub-Adviser or their affiliates advise other funds and accounts that have investment objectives and strategies that differ from, and may be contrary to, those of the Fund. That may result in another fund or account holding investment positions that are adverse to the Fund’s investment strategies or activities. Other funds or accounts advised by the Manager, the Sub-Adviser or their affiliates may also have conflicting interests arising from investment objectives and strategies that are similar to those of the Fund. For example, those funds and accounts may engage in, and compete for, the same types of investment opportunities as the Fund or invest in securities of the same issuers that have different features and interests as compared to securities held by the Fund. These features (such as seniority, guarantees and differential voting rights) may, under certain circumstances, come into conflict with or disadvantage securities held by the Fund. Because the Manager, the Sub-Adviser and their affiliates may carry out the investment activities of those other funds or accounts without regard to the investment objectives or performance of the Fund, it is possible that the value of investments held by the Fund or the Fund’s investment strategies may be adversely affected.

another fund or account holds more senior (or junior) debt obligations of the same issuer, or when the Fund and other funds or accounts hold securities of different issuers that have competing claims to the same assets or sources of payment. In such circumstances, decisions regarding whether to trigger an event of default, the terms of any potential workout or restructuring of a distressed issuer, liquidating or selling an investment, corporate actions, litigation or other investment decisions may, and often do, result in conflicts of interest. The Fund may receive lower returns on its investment in an issuer as a result of actions taken with respect to the same or related issuers by other investors, including other funds or accounts managed by the Manager, the Sub-Adviser or their affiliates.

Voting proxies that are received in connection with underlying portfolio securities held by Clients is an important element of the portfolio management services that NFA performs for Clients. NFA’s goal in performing this service is to make proxy voting decisions: (i)to vote or not to vote proxies in a manner that serves the best economic interests of Clients; and (ii)that avoid the influence of conflicts of interest. To implement this goal, NFA has adopted proxy voting guidelines (the “Proxy Voting Guidelines”) to assist it in making proxy voting decisions and in developing procedures for effecting those decisions. The Proxy Voting Guidelines are designed to ensure that, where NFA has the authority to vote proxies, all legal, fiduciary, and contractual obligations will be met.

B. Conflicts of Interest. If there is determined to be a material conflict between the interests of our clients on the one hand and our interests (including those of our affiliates, directors, officers, employees and other similar persons) on the other hand (a “potential conflict”) the matter shall be considered by management. Proxy proposals that are “routine,” such as uncontested elections of directors, meeting formalities, and approval of an annual report/financial statements are presumed not to involve a material conflict of interest. Non-routine proxy proposals are presumed to involve a material conflict of interest, unless BA management determines that neither BA nor its personnel have such a conflict of interest. Non-routine proposals would typically include any contested matter, including a contested election of directors, a merger or sale of substantial assets, a change in the articles of incorporation that materially affects the rights of shareholders, and compensation matters for management (e.g., stock option plans and retirement plans).

Loomis Sayles has established several policies to ensure that proxies are voted in its clients’ best interest and are not affected by any possible conflicts of interest. First, except in certain limited instances, Loomis Sayles votes in accordance with its pre-determined policies set forth in the Procedures. Second, where these Procedures allow for discretion, Loomis Sayles will generally consider the recommendations of the Proxy Voting Services in making its voting decisions. However, if the Proxy Committee determines that the Proxy Voting Services’ recommendation is not in the best interest of its clients, then the Proxy Committee may use its discretion to vote against the Proxy Voting Services’ recommendation, but only after taking the following steps: (1)conducting a review for any material conflict of interest Loomis Sayles may have; and, (2)if any material conflict is found to exist, excluding anyone at Loomis Sayles who is subject to that conflict of interest from participating in the voting decision in any way. However, if deemed necessary or appropriate by the Proxy Committee after full prior disclosure of any conflict, that person may provide information, opinions or recommendations on any proposal to the Proxy Committee. In such event the Proxy Committee will make reasonable efforts to obtain and consider, prior to directing any vote information, opinions or recommendations from or about the opposing position on any proposal.

To mitigate these inherent conflicts of interest, Boston Advisors has adopted policies designed to address the potential conflicts of interest. Specifically, Boston Advisors has adopted trade aggregation and rotation policies designed for fair and equitable treatment across all client accounts. Additionally, the Compliance department conducts surveillance to detect incidents of preferential treatment that may occur for more favored clients. Also, Boston Advisors has appointed a soft dollar committee to oversee all aspects of Boston Advisors’ soft dollar practices and a best execution committee who routinely reviews the execution quality of large institutional accounts to ensure consistency in quality and cost.

• Proxy voting policy Diamond Hill has developed and implemented procedures in an effort to eliminate or mitigate conflicts of interest. For example, employees of Diamond Hill are not permitted to purchase individual securities eligible for client accounts.

The management of personal accounts by a portfolio manager may also give rise to potential conflicts of interest. UBS AM has adopted a Code of Ethics that governs such personal trading but there is no assurance that the Code will adequately address all such conflicts.

The management of multiple funds and accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and other accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts. The firm seeks to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by having portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline. Most other accounts managed by a portfolio manager are managed using the same investment strategies that are used in connection with the management of the Fund. Accordingly, portfolio holdings, position sizes, and industry and sector exposures tend to be similar across similar portfolios, which may minimize the potential for conflicts of interest. The separate management of the trade execution and valuation functions from the portfolio management process also helps to reduce potential conflicts of interest. However, securities selected for funds or accounts other than the Fund may outperform the securities selected for the Fund. Moreover, if a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for more than one fund or other account, the Fund may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of that opportunity across all eligible funds and other accounts. The firm seeks to manage such potential conflicts by using procedures intended to provide a fair allocation of buy and sell opportunities among funds and other accounts.

The management of personal accounts by a portfolio manager may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. While WCM has adopted a code of ethics which it believes contains provisions reasonably necessary to prevent a wide range of prohibited activities by portfolio managers and others with respect to their personal trading activities, there can be no assurance that the code of ethics addresses all individual conduct that could result in conflicts of interest.

As indicated above, the Proxy Voting Policy describes the way in which William Blair will address potential conflicts of interest. If any of the potential conflicts that William Blair has identified in the Proxy Voting Policy arise with respect to a matter, the Proxy Policy Committee will vote all such proxies in accordance with the Guidelines, unless the Guidelines have no recommendation or provide for a vote on a “case-by-case” basis. In such case, the Proxy Policy Committee will vote consistent with the voting recommendation provided by Institutional Shareholder Services, an independent third party research provider.

Mondrian Investment Partners Limited (Mondrian) has a fiduciary duty to its clients and as such must identify and take steps to mitigate potential conflicts of interest. A conflict of interest arises when Mondrian and/or its employees have a competing professional or personal interest which could affect their ability to act in the best interests of Mondrian’s clients. A conflict could exist even if no unethical or improper act results from it. The UK regulator, the Financial Conduct Authority, requires regulated firms to identify conflicts of interest and establish, implement and maintain an effective written conflicts of interest policy. Mondrian is also registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) which has similar requirements for identification and management of conflicts of interest.

16 ·Transactions between clients, the Firm, Firm Affiliates and Firm Personnel. The Firm prohibits transactions between any client account and the Firm, or any officer, employee or other person associated with the Firm or any affiliated company, without the approval of the client involved in the transaction. Investments in pooled investment vehicles for which the Firm or any affiliated company is a general partner, managing member, adviser or subadviser are excluded from this restriction. ·Conflicts among client interests. All personnel are prohibited from engaging in inappropriate favoritism of one client over another client that would constitute a breach of fiduciary duty. ·Competing with client trades. All employee personal securities transactions must be accomplished so as to avoid even the appearance of a conflict of interest on the part of such personnel with the interests of a client. ·Other conflicts of interest. Employees are expected to act in the best interests of the Firm’s clients and must disclose any material conflict of interest with regards to vendors and suppliers, proxy voting, trade allocation, soft dollars, fees, brokerage services and outside business interests or employment.

All Covered Persons should be scrupulous in avoiding a conflict of interest with regard to the Company's interests. A "conflict of interest" exists whenever an individual's private interests interfere or conflict in any way (or even appear to interfere or conflict) with the interests of the Company. A conflict situation can arise when a Covered Person takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her Company work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may also arise when a Covered Person, or a member(s) of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position in the Company, whether received from the Company or a third party. Loans to, or guarantees of obligations of, Covered Persons and their respective family members may create conflicts of interest. Federal law prohibits the Company from giving loans to directors and executive officers.

The NAVs received by the Fund from the Institutional Investment Funds are typically only estimated valuations or third party appraisals.In addition, certain securities and properties in which an Institutional Investment Fund may invest may not have a readily ascertainable market prices.Such securities and real assets will be valued by third party appraisers, valuation services and in some instances the institutional asset managers for such Institutional Investment Funds. These valuations will be conclusive with respect to the Fund, even though such managers may face a conflict of interest in valuing such securities because the value thereof will affect their compensation.See “Conflicts of Interest.” The Fund may rely on estimates of the value of these investments when calculating its NAV.The Fund may suspend the calculation of its NAV under certain conditions.

Managing relevant Conflicts of Interest; Ensuring the Conflict of Interest is recorded in the Conflict of Interest Register and that the Conflict of Interest Register is kept up to date on an on-going basis; Assessing whether the Conflict of Interest requires escalation to the Conflict Director; Determining, in conjunction with AMP Capital Group Risk Management, if the Conflict of Interest is manageable and what the appropriate response is (e.g. additional procedures, disclosure, avoid if appropriate); Monitoring compliance with agreed management actions for each Conflict of Interest; and Providing a copy of the updated Conflict of Interest Register to the Conflict Director on a quarterly basis. The escalation point for the Conflict Manager when dealing with unusual, complex or significant Conflicts of Interest. Generally it is expected that this person would be sufficiently senior within their respective division to ensure they are able to assist in determining the appropriate response to the Conflict of Interest identified (i.e. Divisional Chief Operating Officers/Director/Managing Director).

The portfolio manager's compensation plan may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. Although investors in the fund may invest through either tax-deferred accounts or taxable accounts, the portfolio manager's compensation is linked to the pre-tax performance of the fund, rather than its after-tax performance. The portfolio manager's base pay tends to increase with additional and more complex responsibilities that include increased assets under management and a portion of the bonus relates to marketing efforts, which together indirectly link compensation to sales. When a portfolio manager takes over a fund or an account, the time period over which performance is measured may be adjusted to provide a transition period in which to assess the portfolio. The management of multiple funds and accounts (including proprietary accounts) may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts. In addition, a fund's trade allocation policies and procedures may give rise to conflicts of interest if the fund's orders do not get fully executed due to being aggregated with those of other accounts managed by FMR or an affiliate. The portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by a fund. Securities selected for other funds or accounts may outperform the securities selected for the fund. Portfolio managers may be permitted to invest in the funds they manage, even if a fund is closed to new investors. Trading in personal accounts, which may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, is restricted by a fund's Code of Ethics.

The portfolio manager’s compensation plan may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. Although investors in the fund may invest through either tax-deferred accounts or taxable accounts, the portfolio manager’s compensation is linked to the pre-tax performance of the fund, rather than its after-tax performance. The portfolio manager’s base pay and bonus opportunity tend to increase with a portfolio manager’s level of experience and skills relative to research and fund assignments. The management of multiple funds and accounts (including proprietary accounts) may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts. In addition, the fund’s trade allocation policies and procedures may give rise to conflicts of interest if the fund’s orders do not get fully executed due to being aggregated with those of other accounts managed by FMR. The portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by the fund. Securities selected for other funds or accounts may outperform the securities selected for the fund. Trading in personal accounts, which may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, is restricted by a fund’s Code of Ethics. Furthermore, the potential exists that the portfolio manager’s responsibilities as a portfolio manager of the fund may not be entirely consistent with his responsibilities as a research analyst providing recommendations to other Fidelity® portfolio managers.

A portfolio manager or other party involved with a client’s account may conclude that the best interest of the firm’s client, as defined above, requires that a proxy be voted in a manner that differs from the predetermined proxy Voting Guidelines. In this situation, he or she will request that the Proxy Committee consider voting the proxy other than according to such Guidelines. If any person, group, or entity requests the Proxy Committee (or any of its members) vote a proxy other than according to the predetermined Voting Guidelines, that person will furnish to the Proxy Committee a written explanation of the reasons for the request and a description of the person’s, group’s, or entity’s relationship, if any, with the parties proposing and/or opposing the matter’s adoption. The Proxy Committee may consider the matter including any potential conflicts of interest. A research analyst or portfolio manager must disclose in writing any inappropriate attempt to influence their recommendation or any other personal interest that they have with the issuer.